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Remember which property of sulfuric acid makes it suitable for use in car batteries.

Question

Remember which property of sulfuric acid makes it suitable for use in car batteries.

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Solution

Sulfuric acid is suitable for use in car batteries due to its property as a strong acid and its ability to donate protons (H+ ions). Here are the steps explaining this:

  1. Sulfuric acid (H2SO4) is a strong acid, which means it readily ionizes to give hydrogen ions (H+) and sulfate ions (SO4^2-) in aqueous solution. This ionization helps to conduct electricity.

  2. In a car battery, the sulfuric acid undergoes a chemical reaction with lead and lead dioxide in the battery's plates to produce electricity.

  3. When the battery is discharged (i.e., when it is providing electricity), the sulfuric acid in the electrolyte reacts with the lead and the lead dioxide, releasing electrons that flow through the circuit and return to the battery, where they recombine with hydrogen ions and sulfate ions to form water and lead sulfate.

  4. When the battery is recharged, the electrical current is reversed, driving a reverse reaction that regenerates the lead, lead dioxide, and sulfuric acid.

  5. The ability of sulfuric acid to donate protons (H+ ions) is crucial for both the discharge and recharge processes, making it suitable for use in car batteries.

  6. Additionally, sulfuric acid is relatively stable, which means it doesn't readily decompose under the conditions inside a car battery. This stability is another reason why sulfuric acid is used in car batteries.

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