Which refers to a collection of ordered pairs containing one element from each set?

The concept you are referring to is known as a Cartesian product. In mathematics, the Cartesian product of two sets $A$ and $B$ is defined as the set of all ordered pairs $(a, b)$ where $a$ is an element of set $A$ and $b$ is an element of set $B$. It is represented mathematically as:

$A \times B = \{ (a, b) \mid a \in A, b \in B \}$

For example, if we have set $A = \{1, 2\}$ and set $B = \{x, y\}$, then the Cartesian product $A \times B$ would be:

$A \times B = \{ (1, x), (1, y), (2, x), (2, y) \}$

This concept is extensively used in various fields such as computer science, statistics, and geometry to analyze relationships between different sets.