A summary measure that is computed from a sample to describe a characteristic of the population is called:

The summary measure computed from a sample to describe a characteristic of the population is known as a statistic. In statistics, a statistic is any numerical characteristic or measure obtained by using the data values from a sample. These statistics serve as estimates of population parameters, which represent the specific traits of the entire population.

For example, if we calculate the mean height of a sample of students from a school, that mean is a statistic that we can use to infer the average height of all students in that school, which is the corresponding population parameter. Other common statistics include the sample median, variance, and standard deviation, each providing insights into different aspects of the population being studied.