How are key-value pairs typically stored in a Map?*1 pointAs an array of integersAs a stack of charactersAs a linked list of structuresAs a queue of strings

To answer the question regarding how key-value pairs are typically stored in a Map, we first need to understand the nature of a Map data structure.

In programming, a Map is a collection of key-value pairs where each key is unique. The way these pairs are stored can vary based on the implementation—common methods include hash tables, binary search trees, or linked lists.

1. Hash Tables: In many modern programming languages, Maps are often implemented using hash tables. Here, keys are hashed into unique indices, and the values are stored at these indexed positions. This allows for average-case constant time complexity O(1) for lookups, insertions, and deletions.

2. Binary Search Trees: In other implementations, a binary search tree can be used, which keeps the key-value pairs sorted. This allows for efficient in-order traversal and adherence to sorted order, providing O(log n) complexity for operations.

3. Linked Lists: While linked lists can be used to handle collisions in hash tables (by chaining), they are not a primary structure for storing the key-value pairs themselves in a Map.

Considering the options provided:

• As an array of integers: This does not apply as Maps are not merely a collection of integers.
• As a stack of characters: This is incorrect; stacks don't relate to key-value pairs in a Map.
• As a linked list of structures: Though this can relate to certain implementations (like chaining in hash tables), it's not typically how a Map stores its data.
• As a queue of strings: This is also incorrect as queues are not used for storage in Maps.

Final Answer

As a linked list of structures - while not the typical primary structure, it is the best option presented, as linked lists can be used for collision resolution in hash tables.