Which long-term health effect is highly associated with a diagnosis of anorexia nervosa?

Anorexia nervosa is a serious eating disorder characterized by self-starvation and excessive weight loss. One of the long-term health effects highly associated with a diagnosis of anorexia nervosa is osteoporosis.

Osteoporosis is a condition where bones become weak and brittle due to a loss of bone density. This occurs because individuals with anorexia nervosa often have nutritional deficiencies, particularly in calcium and vitamin D, which are crucial for bone health. Additionally, hormonal changes, such as reduced estrogen levels in females, further contribute to bone density loss.

Final Answer: Osteoporosis is a long-term health effect highly associated with a diagnosis of anorexia nervosa.