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The standard free energy of formation of element at 1 atm pressure in its most stable form is taken as zero why??

Question

The standard free energy of formation of element at 1 atm pressure in its most stable form is taken as zero why?

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Solution

The standard free energy of formation (ΔGf°) of an element in its most stable form is taken as zero because of the way it is defined.

The standard free energy of formation is the change in free energy that occurs when one mole of a substance is formed from its elements in their most stable form under standard conditions (1 atm pressure and 25°C).

For an element in its most stable form, there is no formation process because the element is already in that state. Therefore, there is no change in free energy, so ΔGf° is zero.

This convention provides a consistent reference point for comparing the stabilities of different substances.

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