Cathode in DSSC is  made up ofa.conducting charcoalb.none of themc.KI + I2d.TiO2

Analyzing the Options for Cathode in DSSC

1. Understanding DSSC: A Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) consists of several components, where the anode typically uses a wide bandgap semiconductor while the cathode is often made from materials that can effectively accept and transport electrons.

2. Evaluating Each Option:

   • a. Conducting Charcoal: While conducting charcoal does have some conductive properties, it is not commonly used as the primary material for the cathode in DSSCs.
   • b. None of them: This option implies that none of the other options are suitable, which we need to evaluate further.
   • c. KI + I2: Potassium iodide (KI) and iodine (I2) are typically part of the electrolyte in DSSCs but not used as the cathode material.
   • d. TiO2: Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a well-known material used in DSSCs, particularly for the photoanode where it helps in the absorption of light and electron generation. In some configurations, TiO2 can also be involved in cathodic processes.

3. Conclusion: The most relevant option here that commonly relates to the functioning of the DSSC is titanium dioxide (TiO2).

Final Answer

The cathode in DSSC is typically none of the provided options, as DSSC commonly uses a different configuration. However, considering the options given, the best possible fit among these is option d. TiO2, though it's mainly known for anode usage in conventional setups.