Which term applies to the small swellings at the distal end of the axon of a neuron that contain synaptic vesicles?

The term that applies to the small swellings at the distal end of the axon of a neuron that contain synaptic vesicles is "axon terminals" or "synaptic terminals." These structures play a crucial role in the communication between neurons.

Axon terminals are the endpoints of an axon where the neuron communicates with other neurons, muscle cells, or glands. Within these terminals, synaptic vesicles store neurotransmitters, which are chemicals that transmit signals across a synapse. When an action potential reaches an axon terminal, it triggers the release of neurotransmitters from the vesicles into the synaptic cleft. This release allows the neurotransmitters to bind to receptors on the postsynaptic membrane, resulting in the excitation or inhibition of the target cell.

In summary, axon terminals are essential for neuronal signaling and communication, enabling quick and precise information transfer throughout the nervous system.