What is the primary characteristic of intelligence according to the Stoddard (1956) definition?

The primary characteristic of intelligence according to Stoddard's 1956 definition is the ability to adapt one's thinking and behavior to new situations and challenges. Stoddard emphasized a functional perspective on intelligence, highlighting that it is not just about the accumulation of knowledge but rather the application of that knowledge effectively in various contexts. This adaptive capability is indicative of an individual's capacity to solve problems, learn from experiences, and navigate complex environments. In essence, intelligence is seen as a dynamic process that involves critical thinking, creativity, and the ability to adjust one's methods and strategies based on changing circumstances. This definition aligns with contemporary views that prioritize functional aspects of intelligence rather than static measures of cognitive ability.