This is a type of Financial Statement that shows what a company owns and what it owes:

The type of financial statement that shows what a company owns and what it owes is called a Balance Sheet.

Here are the steps to understand it:

1. Identify Assets: The first part of a balance sheet lists everything the company owns, known as its assets. This includes cash, inventory, buildings, and equipment.

2. Identify Liabilities: The next part lists what the company owes, known as its liabilities. This includes loans, salaries payable, and accounts payable.

3. Calculate Shareholder's Equity: The final part of the balance sheet is the shareholder's equity, which is the difference between assets and liabilities. This represents the net assets of the company, or what would be left over for the shareholders if all assets were sold and all debts were paid.

4. Understand the Balance: The balance sheet gets its name from the fact that the two sides (assets and liabilities plus shareholder's equity) must balance out. This is based on the fundamental accounting equation: Assets = Liabilities + Shareholder's Equity.

So, in summary, a balance sheet provides a snapshot of a company's financial position at a specific point in time, showing what it owns (assets), what it owes (liabilities), and the net worth of the business (shareholder's equity).