FIA – describe the difference between dispersion by convection and dispersionby diffusion

Dispersion by convection and dispersion by diffusion are two different processes that describe how particles move and spread out in a medium.

1. Dispersion by Convection: This process is largely dependent on the bulk motion of the fluid. In convection, particles are transported by the fluid flow. This means that if the fluid is moving, the particles will move with it. This can cause a large-scale movement of particles from one place to another. Convection is often driven by differences in temperature or density within the fluid, which create currents that carry the particles along.

2. Dispersion by Diffusion: On the other hand, diffusion is a process that occurs due to the random motion of particles. It doesn't require any bulk motion of the fluid. Instead, particles spread out from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration, trying to achieve a state of equilibrium. This process is generally slower than convection and occurs on a much smaller scale.

In summary, the main difference between dispersion by convection and dispersion by diffusion lies in the driving forces behind each process (bulk fluid motion vs. random particle motion) and the scale at which they occur (large-scale vs. small-scale).