A term named for a person or a place, such as Alzheimer disease named for the physician who first described the symptoms as seen in a patient, is

The term you are looking for is "eponym." An eponym is a word derived from the name of a person, often used to describe a disease, discovery, or concept that is associated with that individual. For example, "Alzheimer's disease" is named after Dr. Alois Alzheimer, who first identified the symptoms a Knowee AI is a powerful AI-powered study tool designed to help you to solve study problem.