Here is a write-up of the experiment into heat transfer. Based on this experiment, are metals or non-metals better at transferring heat energy?

The image below shows a write-up of an experiment on heat transfer. What was kept the same towards the END of the experiment to make it a valid test?

Sun is the primary source of heat and energy on Earth's surface. What type of heat transfer mostly occurs on Earth's surface?

In what direction does heat flow? Why do particles of matter transfer thermal energy in this direction?

What does the law of conservation of energy say and how does this apply to the process of heat transfer that occurs in calorimetry?