What are the three main schools of Roman philosophy, and what do they emphasize?

The three main schools of Roman philosophy are Stoicism, Epicureanism, and Neoplatonism.

1. Stoicism: This school of philosophy was founded by Zeno of Citium. Stoicism teaches the development of self-control and fortitude as a means of overcoming destructive emotions. It emphasizes the belief that the universe is governed by reason and fate, and that humans should accept their fate with indifference and tranquility.

2. Epicureanism: Founded by Epicurus, this philosophy advocates for the pursuit of pleasure - understood as tranquility and freedom from fear - and the absence of bodily pain. It emphasizes the idea that pleasure is the greatest good, but the way to attain such pleasure is to live modestly and to gain knowledge of the workings of the world and the limits of one's desires.

3. Neoplatonism: This is a school of philosophy that took shape in the 3rd century AD, based on the teachings of Plato and some of his early followers. It is a complex and spiritualistic system of philosophy, emphasizing the ascent of the soul to the One, its ultimate source.