3 a Think of two situations where a sensor maystart to provide incorrect readings.b What detrimental effect could this have?

a) Two situations where a sensor may start to provide incorrect readings:

1. Environmental Factors: Sensors, especially those used outdoors, can start providing incorrect readings due to environmental factors such as extreme temperatures, humidity, or dust. For example, a temperature sensor placed in direct sunlight may record higher temperatures than the actual ambient temperature.

2. Wear and Tear: Over time, sensors can degrade or become less accurate due to physical wear and tear. This is especially true for sensors that are in constant use or those that are exposed to harsh conditions. For example, a pressure sensor in a factory might start giving incorrect readings if it becomes worn out or damaged.

b) Detrimental effects of incorrect sensor readings:

1. Safety Risks: Incorrect sensor readings can pose significant safety risks, especially in critical applications such as aviation or industrial processes. For example, if a sensor in an airplane provides incorrect altitude readings, it could lead to a serious accident.

2. Inefficiency and Waste: In industries where sensors are used to monitor and control processes, incorrect readings can lead to inefficiency and waste. For example, if a sensor in a manufacturing plant provides incorrect temperature readings, it could result in the production of defective products, leading to waste and financial loss.