The indentation of the medial border of the kidney where the ureter, renal artery, and renal vein enter or leave the kidney is called what? [5]

The indentation of the medial border of the kidney where the ureter, renal artery, and renal vein enter or leave is called the hilum (or hilus) of the kidney. The hilum serves as the entry and exit point for these vital structures.

In anatomical terms, the kidney is a bean-shaped organ located in the retroperitoneal space of the abdomen. The hilum is a significant feature as it provides the necessary pathways for blood supply and urine drainage. The renal artery brings oxygen-rich blood to the kidneys for filtration, while the renal vein returns deoxygenated blood to the systemic circulation. The ureter, on the other hand, transports urine produced in the kidneys to the bladder for storage prior to excretion.

Understanding the structure and function of the hilum is crucial in nephrology and urology, as any obstruction or disease affecting this area can lead to significant complications in kidney function and overall health.