Cardiac output must be responsive to changes in the metabolic demand. You know that cardiac output can be determined by:
Question
Cardiac output must be responsive to changes in the metabolic demand. You know that cardiac output can be determined by:
Solution
Cardiac output is determined by two factors: heart rate and stroke volume.
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Heart Rate: This is the number of times the heart beats per minute. An increase in heart rate will increase cardiac output, assuming stroke volume remains constant.
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Stroke Volume: This is the amount of blood pumped out of the heart with each beat. An increase in stroke volume will increase cardiac output, assuming heart rate remains constant.
Therefore, if the body's metabolic demand increases, the heart can respond by increasing either the heart rate, stroke volume, or both to increase cardiac output and deliver more oxygen and nutrients to the tissues.
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