Which of the following are transport layer protocols used in networking?a.HTTP and FTPb.TCP and UDPc.TCP and FTPd.UDP and HTTP

Break Down the Problem

1. Identify the three layers of the OSI model relevant to the question: Application Layer and Transport Layer.
2. Analyze the options given to determine which protocols belong to the Transport Layer.

Relevant Concepts

1. Transport Layer: The transport layer is responsible for providing communication services directly to the application processes running on different hosts. It supports various protocols, with the most notable being:

   • TCP (Transmission Control Protocol): A connection-oriented protocol that ensures reliable data transfer.
   • UDP (User Datagram Protocol): A connectionless protocol that does not guarantee the delivery of packets.

2. Application Layer: The application layer includes protocols that enable applications to communicate over a network, such as:

   • HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol): Used for transferring web pages on the Internet.
   • FTP (File Transfer Protocol): Used for transferring files.

Analysis and Detail

1. Option a (HTTP and FTP): Both are application layer protocols, not transport layer protocols.
2. Option b (TCP and UDP): Both are transport layer protocols.
3. Option c (TCP and FTP): TCP is a transport layer protocol, but FTP is an application layer protocol.
4. Option d (UDP and HTTP): UDP is a transport layer protocol, while HTTP is an application layer protocol.

Verify and Summarize

The only option that includes protocols both classified as transport layer protocols is option b (TCP and UDP).

Final Answer

b. TCP and UDP