Explain the effects the following factors have on the rate of transpiration.4 marksHigh humidityHigh temperatureHigh light intensityHigh wind speed

High Humidity: High humidity reduces the rate of transpiration. This is because transpiration occurs when water vapor moves from an area of high concentration (inside the leaf) to an area of low concentration (outside the leaf). When the humidity is high, the concentration of water vapor outside the leaf is also high, so the difference in concentration is less, slowing down the rate of transpiration.

High Temperature: High temperature increases the rate of transpiration. This is because as temperature increases, the rate of evaporation of water from the plant's cells also increases. This leads to a higher concentration of water vapor inside the leaf, which increases the rate of diffusion of water vapor out of the leaf.

High Light Intensity: High light intensity increases the rate of transpiration. This is because light stimulates the opening of the stomata (the pores through which transpiration occurs). More light means more stomata are open, allowing more water vapor to escape.

High Wind Speed: High wind speed increases the rate of transpiration. This is because wind moves the humid air away from the leaf surface, maintaining a low concentration of water vapor outside the leaf. This increases the concentration gradient, speeding up the rate of transpiration.