Which of the following does not participate in the mechanism of nitration of benzene?Select answer from the options belowNO2+NO3+H2SO4 HNO3

To determine which of the given options does not participate in the nitration mechanism of benzene, we should first understand the nitration process.

Nitration of benzene is an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction where a nitronium ion ($\text{NO}_2^+$) acts as the electrophile. The typical reagents involved in this reaction are concentrated nitric acid ($\text{HNO}_3$) and concentrated sulfuric acid ($\text{H}_2\text{SO}_4$). The sulfuric acid is often used to generate the nitronium ion from the nitric acid:

1. Formation of the Electrophile: $\text{HNO}_3 + \text{H}_2\text{SO}_4 \rightarrow \text{NO}_2^+ + \text{HSO}_4^- + \text{H}_2\text{O}$

Now, let’s analyze the options:

1. $\text{NO}_2^+$: This is the active electrophile that participates in the nitration process.
2. $\text{NO}_3^+$: This species is not typically involved in the mechanism of nitration of benzene.
3. $\text{H}_2\text{SO}_4$: Participates in the reaction by generating the nitronium ion.
4. $\text{HNO}_3$: Provides the nitronium ion and participates in the reaction.

Final Answer

The ingredient that does not participate in the nitration of benzene is NO3+.