hy the chromosomenumber has reduced to half in daughter cells?Rationalised 2023-24

The question seems to be asking why the chromosome number is reduced to half in daughter cells. This occurs during a process called meiosis, which is a type of cell division used for sexual reproduction. Here's a step-by-step explanation:

1. Each cell in our body (except for sex cells) contains a specific number of chromosomes. In humans, this number is 46. These are called diploid cells.

2. When a cell undergoes meiosis, it divides twice. The first division is called Meiosis I. During this phase, homologous chromosomes (one from each parent) pair up and exchange genetic material (crossing over). Then, these pairs are pulled apart so each new cell only gets one chromosome from each pair. This is why the chromosome number is halved.

3. The second division is called Meiosis II. During this phase, the sister chromatids of each chromosome are separated. This results in four haploid cells (cells with half the number of chromosomes).

4. These haploid cells become the sex cells (sperm and egg in animals). When fertilization occurs, the sperm and egg combine, restoring the original number of chromosomes in the new organism.

So, the chromosome number is reduced to half in daughter cells during meiosis to ensure that when sexual reproduction occurs, the offspring will have the correct number of chromosomes.