helminths, bateria, virus and protozoa : transmission and risk factor of Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) in southeast asia ASEAN; list in outline

I. Helminths A. Transmission 1. Contaminated soil (Soil-transmitted helminths) 2. Infected water sources (Schistosomiasis) 3. Consumption of undercooked infected meat (Taeniasis) B. Risk Factors 1. Poor sanitation and hygiene 2. Lack of access to clean water 3. Consumption of undercooked meat

II. Bacteria A. Transmission 1. Direct contact with infected person or animal (Buruli ulcer, Leprosy) 2. Vector-borne (Yaws, Trachoma) B. Risk Factors 1. Poor sanitation and hygiene 2. Close contact with infected individuals or animals 3. Living in endemic areas

III. Viruses A. Transmission 1. Vector-borne (Dengue, Zika) 2. Contact with contaminated blood or body fluids (Hepatitis) B. Risk Factors 1. Living in endemic areas 2. Lack of access to vaccination 3. Poor sanitation and hygiene

IV. Protozoa A. Transmission 1. Vector-borne (Malaria, Leishmaniasis) 2. Contaminated food or water (Giardiasis) B. Risk Factors 1. Living in endemic areas 2. Poor sanitation and hygiene 3. Lack of access to clean water

Note: The above information is a general outline and may not cover all possible transmission routes and risk factors for each disease. The specific transmission routes and risk factors can vary depending on the specific pathogen and region.