Explain what pH measures, and describe the pH scale.
Question
Explain what pH measures, and describe the pH scale.
Solution
pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity of a solution. It quantifies the concentration of hydrogen ions (H⁺) in a solution. The pH scale is a logarithmic scale ranging from 0 to 14, where:
- A pH of 7 is considered neutral, which is the pH of pure water.
- A pH less than 7 indicates an acidic solution, with lower values representing higher acidity.
- A pH greater than 7 indicates a basic (or alkaline) solution, with higher values representing higher alkalinity.
The pH scale is logarithmic, meaning each whole number change on the scale represents a tenfold change in hydrogen ion concentration. For example, a solution with a pH of 3 is ten times more acidic than a solution with a pH of 4.
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