A short run production function refers to production where at least one input is fixed

A short-run production function is an important concept in economics and production theory. In this context, the short run is defined as a period in which at least one factor of production is fixed, meaning it cannot be changed. This contrasts with the long run, where all inputs can be varied.

1. Fixed and Variable Inputs: In the short run, businesses often have fixed inputs such as capital, while labor can be varied. For example, a factory may have a set number of machines (fixed input) but can hire additional workers (variable input) to increase output.

2. Diminishing Returns: As more units of the variable input (like labor) are added to the fixed input, the additional output produced from each new unit of the variable input will eventually start to diminish. This phenomenon is known as the law of diminishing returns.

3. Production Function Representation: The short-run production function can typically be represented mathematically as $Q = f(L, K)$, where $Q$ is the quantity of output, $L$ represents labor (the variable factor), and $K$ represents capital (the fixed factor).

Understanding the short-run production function helps businesses and economists analyze how changes in production levels can relate to fixed and variable resources, impacting overall efficiency and decision-making in production processes.