Protection against ex-post facto laws is provided for under ______a.Article 19(1)(f)b.Article 20(1)c.Article 20(2)d.Article 20(3)

Break Down the Problem

1. Identify the options provided in the question.
2. Understand the context of ex-post facto laws and their legal protections.

Relevant Concepts

• Ex-post facto laws are laws that apply retroactively, typically to the disadvantage of the accused.
• In many legal frameworks, including the Constitution of India, certain articles are dedicated to protecting individuals from such laws.

Analysis and Detail

1. Article 20(1) - This article states that no person shall be convicted of any offense except for violation of the law in force at the time of the commission of the act which is charged as an offense. This directly pertains to the principle against ex-post facto laws.
2. Article 20(2) - This article provides protection against double jeopardy, meaning a person cannot be tried for the same offense more than once.
3. Article 20(3) - This article protects against self-incrimination, ensuring that an individual cannot be compelled to be a witness against themselves.
4. Article 19(1)(f) - Although this article relates to the right to acquire, hold, and dispose of property, it does not pertain directly to ex-post facto laws.

Verify and Summarize

The correct option is the one that explicitly addresses the protection against ex-post facto laws. After analyzing the provided articles, Article 20(1) clearly states the protection against retroactive application of laws.

Final Answer

The correct answer is b. Article 20(1).