hich will diffuse faster, ammonia or carbon-dioxide? What are their relative rates of diffusion.

The rate of diffusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its molar mass. This is stated in Graham's law of diffusion.

The molar mass of ammonia (NH3) is approximately 17 g/mol, while the molar mass of carbon dioxide (CO2) is approximately 44 g/mol.

Using Graham's law, we can calculate the relative rates of diffusion.

First, we find the square root of the molar masses. For ammonia, this is approximately 4.12, and for carbon dioxide, this is approximately 6.63.

Then, we find the ratio of these square roots. The rate of diffusion of ammonia to carbon dioxide is the square root of the molar mass of carbon dioxide divided by the square root of the molar mass of ammonia, which is approximately 1.61.

This means that ammonia diffuses approximately 1.61 times faster than carbon dioxide.