What is framing error in asynchronous transmission? Explain the reason(s) for havingthis error

Framing error in asynchronous transmission refers to a situation where the receiver is unable to correctly identify the start and end of a data frame. This error occurs due to various reasons:

1. Incorrect baud rate: Asynchronous transmission relies on a specific baud rate to synchronize the sender and receiver. If the baud rate is set incorrectly, it can lead to timing issues and cause framing errors.

2. Noise or interference: In asynchronous transmission, data is transmitted as a series of bits. If there is noise or interference on the communication channel, it can disrupt the timing of the bits, leading to framing errors.

3. Incorrect start and stop bits: Asynchronous transmission uses start and stop bits to indicate the beginning and end of a data frame. If these bits are not set correctly, the receiver may not be able to identify the boundaries of the frame, resulting in framing errors.

4. Clock drift: Asynchronous transmission relies on the sender and receiver having similar clock frequencies. If there is a significant difference in clock frequencies, it can cause timing discrepancies and result in framing errors.

Overall, framing errors in asynchronous transmission can occur due to issues with baud rate, noise or interference, incorrect start and stop bits, and clock drift. These errors can lead to data loss or corruption, affecting the reliability of the communication.