Provide two examples, with an explanation for each, of real world programming design where classes and inheritance might be important.

Game Development: In the world of game development, classes and inheritance play a crucial role. For instance, consider a game where there are different types of characters like warriors, mages, and archers. Each of these characters can have different abilities and attributes. Here, we can create a base class named 'Character' with common attributes like health, level, and name. Then, we can create subclasses like 'Warrior', 'Mage', and 'Archer' that inherit from the 'Character' class and have additional unique attributes or methods. This way, we can avoid code duplication and make the code more organized and manageable.

E-commerce Systems: Consider an e-commerce application where there are different types of products like books, electronics, and clothing. Each product type can have different attributes. For example, a book can have attributes like author and publisher, while an electronic item can have attributes like brand and warranty period. In this case, we can create a base class 'Product' with common attributes like product_id, name, and price. Then, we can create subclasses like 'Book', 'Electronic', and 'Clothing' that inherit from the 'Product' class and have additional unique attributes. This use of classes and inheritance can make the code more modular, easier to understand, and maintain.