Which of the following summary measures is affected by extreme values?Group of answer choicesThe mode.The range.The interquartile range.The median.

To determine which of the following summary measures is affected by extreme values, let's consider each option:

1. The Mode: The mode is the most frequently occurring value in a dataset. It is not influenced by extreme values since it only considers frequency and not the actual values.

2. The Range: The range is calculated as the difference between the maximum and minimum values in the dataset. Since it explicitly uses the extreme values (the highest and lowest), the range is indeed affected by extreme values.

3. The Interquartile Range (IQR): The IQR measures the range of the middle 50% of a dataset and is calculated as the difference between the third quartile (Q3) and the first quartile (Q1). Since it focuses on the central portion of the data, it is less affected by extreme values.

4. The Median: The median is the middle value when the data is ordered. In cases of extreme values, especially when they are outliers, the median remains relatively stable as it depends on the rank order rather than the absolute magnitudes.

Conclusion

The summary measure that is most clearly affected by extreme values is The Range.