One mole of which of the following has the highest entropy?(a) Liquid Nitrogen (b) Hydrogen Gas (c) Mercury (d) Diamond

To determine which substance has the highest entropy, we need to consider the molecular structure and the physical state of each substance.

(a) Liquid Nitrogen: Liquid nitrogen is composed of nitrogen molecules (N2) in a liquid state. The molecules are relatively close together and have some degree of order. The entropy of liquid nitrogen is lower compared to gases or substances with more disorder.

(b) Hydrogen Gas: Hydrogen gas consists of hydrogen molecules (H2) in a gaseous state. The molecules are more spread out and have higher degrees of freedom to move around. Gases generally have higher entropy compared to liquids or solids.

(c) Mercury: Mercury is a liquid metal at room temperature. The atoms in mercury are relatively close together, similar to liquid nitrogen. Therefore, the entropy of mercury is also lower compared to gases or substances with more disorder.

(d) Diamond: Diamond is a solid form of carbon. The carbon atoms are arranged in a highly ordered crystal lattice structure. Solids generally have lower entropy compared to liquids or gases due to their more organized arrangement.

Based on the above analysis, hydrogen gas (b) is likely to have the highest entropy among the given options.