Generearrangement results in the addition of bases at the joint due to N nucleotideaddition. What happens to these bases?1 point

The addition of N nucleotides during gene rearrangement is a crucial part of the process of creating diversity in the immune response. This process is known as junctional diversity.

Here's what happens to these bases:

1. During gene rearrangement, the genes for the immune receptors (like T cell receptors and B cell receptors) are cut and rejoined in a different order. This process is mediated by enzymes like RAG1 and RAG2.

2. The cutting and rejoining process can sometimes result in the loss or gain of a few nucleotides at the junctions. This is where N nucleotide addition comes in.

3. The enzyme terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) adds random nucleotides at the junctions. These are the N nucleotides.

4. The addition of these N nucleotides contributes to the diversity of the immune receptors. Since these nucleotides are added randomly, they can result in a huge number of possible combinations for the immune receptor genes.

5. After the addition, these N nucleotides are part of the gene and will be transcribed and translated along with the rest of the gene. This means they will be part of the final immune receptor protein.

In summary, the N nucleotides added during gene rearrangement contribute to the diversity of the immune response by creating a large number of possible combinations for the immune receptor genes.