Which two activities are normally controlled by the Northbridge part of the chipset?

The Northbridge part of the chipset typically controls the following two activities:

1. Communication between the CPU and RAM: The Northbridge is responsible for managing the data flow between the central processing unit (CPU) and the random access memory (RAM). It plays a crucial role in determining the speed at which data is exchanged between these two components.

2. Communication with the graphics card: The Northbridge also manages the interaction between the CPU and the graphics card, especially if the graphics card is integrated into the motherboard. This is less common in modern computers as many have moved this function to the CPU itself.