Q5. Explain the role of the Election Commission in conduction of elections in India

The Election Commission of India plays a crucial role in conducting elections in India. Here are the steps it follows:

1. Preparation of Electoral Roll: The Election Commission is responsible for preparing an accurate and complete electoral roll. It includes the names of all eligible voters. The electoral roll is revised and updated periodically to add new voters who have reached the age of 18 and to remove the names of the deceased or those who have shifted their residence.

2. Recognition of Political Parties: The Election Commission grants recognition to political parties and allots them symbols. It also settles disputes related to the election symbols.

3. Nomination of Candidates: The Election Commission scrutinizes the nomination papers of the candidates. It can reject the nomination papers of any candidate if they are not in order.

4. Conduct of Poll: The Election Commission is responsible for the conduct of the poll. It decides the polling stations, dates and hours of polling. It also ensures that the polling is conducted in a free and fair manner.

5. Counting of Votes and Declaration of Results: The Election Commission supervises the counting of votes and declares the results. It can order a re-poll in case of any irregularities.

6. Code of Conduct: The Election Commission enforces a code of conduct for the political parties and candidates to ensure free and fair elections. It can take action against any candidate or party for violation of the code.

7. Election Expenses: The Election Commission keeps a check on the election expenses of the candidates. It can disqualify a candidate for exceeding the prescribed limit of expenses.

8. Disqualification of Candidates: The Election Commission has the power to disqualify a candidate if he/she violates the code of conduct or the rules and regulations.

9. Advisory Jurisdiction: The Election Commission also has an advisory jurisdiction in the matter of post-election disqualification of sitting members of Parliament and State Legislatures.

10. Education and Awareness: The Election Commission also conducts voter education and awareness campaigns to encourage more people to participate in the democratic process.