Discuss the primary and secondary treatment process of effluent from chemical industry.

The treatment process of effluent from the chemical industry is a crucial step in minimizing environmental pollution. This process is typically divided into primary and secondary treatment stages.

1. Primary Treatment: This is the first stage of the treatment process. It involves the removal of solid materials from the effluent. This is usually achieved through a series of physical processes.

   • Screening: The effluent is passed through screens to remove large solid particles. This prevents damage to the equipment used in subsequent stages of the treatment process.

   • Sedimentation: The screened effluent is then allowed to settle in a sedimentation tank. Here, heavier particles sink to the bottom of the tank and are removed. This process is also known as clarification.

   • Filtration: The effluent may also be passed through a filtration system to remove smaller particles that were not removed during sedimentation.

2. Secondary Treatment