(i) Ethanal and Propanone:
Ethanal and Propanone can be distinguished using the Tollen's reagent test.

Step 1: Prepare Tollen's reagent by mixing a solution of silver nitrate with a small amount of sodium hydroxide, then add dilute ammonia until the brown precipitate of silver oxide dissolves.

Step 2: Add equal volumes of Tollen's reagent to two separate test tubes, then add a small amount of Ethanal to one tube and Propanone to the other.

Step 3: Warm the test tubes gently in a water bath.

Observation: Ethanal will reduce the Tollen's reagent to metallic silver, forming a silver mirror on the inside of the test tube. Propanone does not react with Tollen's reagent, so no silver mirror is formed.

(ii) Phenol and Benzoic acid:
Phenol and Benzoic acid can be distinguished using the Sodium Bicarbonate test.

Step 1: Add a small amount of Sodium Bicarbonate to two separate test tubes, then add a small amount of Phenol to one tube and Benzoic acid to the other.

Step 2: Shake the test tubes gently.

Observation: Benzoic acid reacts with Sodium Bicarbonate to produce carbon dioxide gas, which is observed as effervescence or bubbling in the test tube. Phenol does not react with Sodium

Question

(i) Ethanal and Propanone:
Ethanal and Propanone can be distinguished using the Tollen's reagent test.

Step 1: Prepare Tollen's reagent by mixing a solution of silver nitrate with a small amount of sodium hydroxide, then add dilute ammonia until the brown precipitate of silver oxide dissolves.

Step 2: Add equal volumes of Tollen's reagent to two separate test tubes, then add a small amount of Ethanal to one tube and Propanone to the other.

Step 3: Warm the test tubes gently in a water bath.

Observation: Ethanal will reduce the Tollen's reagent to metallic silver, forming a silver mirror on the inside of the test tube. Propanone does not react with Tollen's reagent, so no silver mirror is formed.

(ii) Phenol and Benzoic acid:
Phenol and Benzoic acid can be distinguished using the Sodium Bicarbonate test.

Step 1: Add a small amount of Sodium Bicarbonate to two separate test tubes, then add a small amount of Phenol to one tube and Benzoic acid to the other.

Step 2: Shake the test tubes gently.

Observation: Benzoic acid reacts with Sodium Bicarbonate to produce carbon dioxide gas, which is observed as effervescence or bubbling in the test tube. Phenol does not react with Sodium

Knowee AI · Accepted Answer

(i) Ethanal and Propanone:
Ethanal and Propanone can be distinguished using the Tollen's reagent test.

Step 1: Prepare Tollen's reagent by mixing a solution of silver nitrate with a small amount of sodium hydroxide, then add dilute ammonia until the brown precipitate of silver oxide dissolves.

Step 2: Add equal volumes of Tollen's reagent to two separate test tubes, then add a small amount of Ethanal to one tube and Propanone to the other.

Step 3: Warm the test tubes gently in a water bath.

Observation: Ethanal will reduce the Tollen's reagent to metallic silver, forming a silver mirror on the inside of the test tube. Propanone does not react with Tollen's reagent, so no silver mirror is formed.

(ii) Phenol and Benzoic acid:
Phenol and Benzoic acid can be distinguished using the Sodium Bicarbonate test.

Step 1: Add a small amount of Sodium Bicarbonate to two separate test tubes, then add a small amount of Phenol to one tube and Benzoic acid to the other.

Step 2: Shake the test tubes gently.

Observation: Benzoic acid reacts with Sodium Bicarbonate to produce carbon dioxide gas, which is observed as effervescence or bubbling in the test tube. Phenol does not react with Sodium

(b) Give simple chemical test to distinguish between the following : (i) Ethanal and Propanone (ii) Phenol and Benzoic acid

Question

(b) Give a simple chemical test to distinguish between the following :

(i) Ethanal and Propanone

(ii) Phenol and Benzoic acid

Solution

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