what is meant by coordinated bonded water molecules and how can we caluclate it

Coordinated bonded water molecules refer to water molecules that are directly bonded to a central metal ion or atom in a coordination complex. These water molecules play a crucial role in stabilizing the complex and influencing its properties.

To calculate the number of coordinated bonded water molecules in a coordination complex, you can follow these steps:

1. Determine the coordination number of the central metal ion or atom. This is the number of ligands or atoms directly bonded to the central metal ion.

2. Identify the ligands that are water molecules in the coordination complex. These ligands will have oxygen atoms bonded to the central metal ion.

3. Count the number of water molecules that are directly bonded to the central metal ion. Each water molecule contributes one coordinated bonded water molecule.

4. Calculate the total number of coordinated bonded water molecules by summing up the number of water molecules from step 3.

It is important to note that the calculation of coordinated bonded water molecules may vary depending on the specific coordination complex and the method used for characterization. Experimental techniques such as X-ray crystallography or spectroscopic methods can provide more accurate information about the coordination environment and the presence of coordinated water molecules.