1. Define the following terms and give one example for each of them.a. diseaseb. non-infectious diseasec. infectious diseased. pathogene. contagious

a. Disease: A disease is a particular abnormal condition that negatively affects the structure or function of all or part of an organism, and that is not due to any immediate external injury. For example, cancer is a disease that can affect various parts of the body.

b. Non-infectious disease: A non-infectious disease is a disease that cannot be spread from one person to another, but is developed inside the body. These diseases are often caused by genetic or lifestyle factors. For example, diabetes is a non-infectious disease that is often caused by a combination of genetic and lifestyle factors.

c. Infectious disease: An infectious disease is a disease that is caused by a pathogen and can be spread from one individual to another. For example, the flu is an infectious disease caused by the influenza virus.

d. Pathogen: A pathogen is a biological agent that causes disease or illness to its host. The term is most often used for agents that disrupt the normal physiology of a multicellular animal or plant. For example, the bacterium Escherichia coli is a pathogen that can cause food poisoning in humans.

e. Contagious: A disease is said to be contagious if it can be spread from one individual to another through direct or indirect contact. For example, chickenpox is a highly contagious disease that spreads from person to person by direct contact with the rash, or by droplet or airborne spread when a person with chickenpox coughs or sneezes.