During the prenatal stage, what are the two “ingredients” that produce a human whose sex assigned at birth is likely to be “male”?

The two "ingredients" that produce a human whose sex assigned at birth is likely to be "male" during the prenatal stage are:

1. The presence of a Y chromosome: Human beings typically have 46 chromosomes in each cell, divided into 23 pairs. Two of these chromosomes, the sex chromosomes, determine a person's sex. They are known as the X and Y chromosomes. If an egg is fertilized by a sperm carrying an X chromosome, the resulting XX pair will produce a female. If the sperm carries a Y chromosome, the resulting XY pair will produce a male.

2. The hormone testosterone: Once the Y chromosome is present in the fertilized egg, it triggers the development of testes around the 7th week of gestation. These testes then start to produce the hormone testosterone around the 9th week. Testosterone is responsible for the development of male physical characteristics. It causes the male reproductive system to develop, and also stimulates the growth of male secondary sexual characteristics during puberty.

So, the two "ingredients" are the Y chromosome and the hormone testosterone.