1. A gradual increase in the average temperature of the earth's atmosphere and its ocean is termed as ?

The gradual increase in the average temperature of the Earth's atmosphere and oceans is termed "global warming." Global warming is a significant aspect of climate change, primarily attributed to the increase in greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (CO₂) and methane (CH₄) due to human activities like burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrial processes. This warming effect leads to various environmental impacts, including rising sea levels, melting ice caps, and altered weather patterns, which pose risks to ecosystems, agriculture, and human health. Understanding global warming is crucial for developing strategies to mitigate its effects and adapt to changing climatic conditions.