Which of the following molecules will bond to like molecules by dispersion forces only?60 secHF, HCl, HBrF₂, CO₂, CH₃NH3, HF, CH₃OHC₂H4, C₂H₅OH, CH₃COOH
Question
Which of the following molecules will bond to like molecules by dispersion forces only?
- HF
- HCl
- HBrF₂
- CO₂
- CH₃NH₃
- HF
- CH₃OH
- C₂H₄
- C₂H₅OH
- CH₃COOH
Solution
The molecule that will bond to like molecules by dispersion forces only is F₂.
Here's why:
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Dispersion forces, also known as London dispersion forces, are the weakest type of intermolecular forces. They occur between all types of molecules (polar, nonpolar, ionic), but are the only type of intermolecular force that occur between nonpolar molecules.
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HF, HCl, HBr, NH3, HF, CH₃OH, C₂H₅OH, and CH₃COOH are all polar molecules. They have dipole-dipole interactions and hydrogen bonding (for those containing H-F, H-O, or H-N bonds), in addition to dispersion forces.
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CO₂ is a nonpolar molecule, but it's linear, which allows it to have dipole-induced dipole interactions in addition to dispersion forces.
-
F₂ is a nonpolar molecule and it's diatomic, meaning it doesn't have any other type of intermolecular forces except for dispersion forces.
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C₂H4 (ethylene) is a nonpolar molecule, but its shape allows it to have dipole-induced dipole interactions in addition to dispersion forces.
So, out of the given options, F₂ is the only molecule that will bond to like molecules by dispersion forces only.
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