Role of penstock:a.absorbs pressure swingb.is used with Kaplan turbinesc.reduces loadd.carries water to the turbine

The role of a penstock in a hydroelectric power system is primarily to carry water to the turbine. Here's a step-by-step explanation of each option:

a. Absorbs pressure swing: This is not typically a primary function of a penstock. While it may experience pressure changes, its main role is not to absorb these swings but to transport water.

b. Is used with Kaplan turbines: This is true. A penstock can be used with various types of turbines, including Kaplan turbines. It directs the flow of water to the turbine to generate electricity.

c. Reduces load: This is not a primary function of a penstock. The penstock does not directly reduce load but can influence the efficiency of the power generation system.

d. Carries water to the turbine: This is the primary role of a penstock. It is a conduit that carries water from the reservoir or dam to the turbine in a hydroelectric power system. The flow of water through the penstock is what drives the turbine to generate electricity.