A random variable that assumes a finite or a countably infinite number of values is called

A random variable that assumes a finite or a countably infinite number of values is called a discrete random variable. Discrete random variables can take on distinct or separate values, such as integers or specific categories. Examples of discrete random variables include the number of heads in a series of coin tosses, the score on a test, or the number of students in a classroom.

In contrast, a continuous random variable can take on any value within a given range and is often associated with measurements, such as height or temperature. Understanding the distinction between discrete and continuous random variables is crucial in probability and statistics, as it affects the choice of statistical methods and models used to analyze data.