Which of the following is used for state minimization in sequential circuit design?a.Demultiplexersb.Parity generatorsc.Karnaugh mapsd.Multiplexers

The Karnaugh maps (option c) are used for state minimization in sequential circuit design.

Here's a step-by-step explanation:

1. Identify the Problem: The problem is to minimize the state in sequential circuit design. Minimization refers to simplifying the number of states in a sequential circuit without altering its functionality.

2. Understand the Options:

   • Demultiplexers: These are used to route digital signals among many destination lines.
   • Parity Generators: These are used to detect errors in transmitted data.
   • Karnaugh Maps: These are used to simplify boolean algebra expressions, leading to simpler (and fewer) logic gates implementation.
   • Multiplexers: These are used to combine multiple input lines into one output line.

3. Solution: From the understanding of the options, it's clear that Karnaugh maps are used for simplification or minimization purposes in digital circuits. Therefore, Karnaugh maps are used for state minimization in sequential circuit design.