Sum of ---- is always zero.a.Residuals, and Deviations taken from the arithmetic meanb.Deviations taken from the arithmetic meanc.Residualsd.None of the Above

The correct answer is b. Deviations taken from the arithmetic mean.

Here's why:

a. The sum of residuals is not always zero. Residuals are the difference between the observed and predicted values in a regression model. While the sum of residuals is zero in a simple linear regression model, this is not the case for all types of regression models.

b. The sum of deviations taken from the arithmetic mean is always zero. This is because the arithmetic mean is calculated as the sum of all values divided by the number of values. When you subtract each value from the mean and then add up all these deviations, the result is zero.

c. As mentioned in point a, the sum of residuals is not always zero.

d. Since the sum of deviations taken from the arithmetic mean is always zero, option d is incorrect.