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ShellWhich symbol should I use to redirect the error output to the standard output?

Question

Shell

Which symbol should I use to redirect the error output to the standard output?

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Solution

In a Unix-like shell, you can redirect the error output (stderr) to the standard output (stdout) using the following symbol:

  • 2>&1

Here's how it works:

  1. 2 refers to the file descriptor for standard error (stderr).
  2. > is the redirection operator.
  3. &1 indicates that we want to redirect it to file descriptor 1, which is standard output (stdout).

Example Usage:

If you have a command that may produce errors, you would use it as follows:

some_command 2>&1

This command will merge both the standard output and standard error streams, allowing you to see all output in a single stream.

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