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Van der Waals interactions make the given compound exist as a liquid under normal temperature and pressure        conditions.

Question

Van der Waals interactions make the given compound exist as a liquid under normal temperature and pressure conditions.

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Solution

Van der Waals interactions are weak forces of attraction between molecules. They occur when temporary fluctuations in the electron distribution around an atom induce a temporary partial charge on a neighboring atom. This induces a corresponding shift in the second atom's electron cloud, leading to a temporary dipole. These temporary dipoles induce further dipoles in neighboring atoms, leading to a chain reaction. The cumulative effect of these temporary dipoles leads to an overall attraction between molecules, known as a Van der Waals interaction.

In the context of a compound existing as a liquid under normal temperature and pressure conditions, Van der Waals interactions play a crucial role. For a substance to exist as a liquid, the intermolecular forces of attraction must be strong enough to hold the molecules together, but not so strong as to lock them into a rigid structure (as in a solid). Van der Waals interactions, being relatively weak, are often just right for this. They allow the molecules to move around each other (which is characteristic of a liquid state) while still keeping them close together.

Therefore, if a compound exists as a liquid under normal conditions, it is likely that Van der Waals interactions are the dominant intermolecular force.

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