Briefly describe the geological and climatic factors in New Zealand that make it suitable for pastoral farming.

New Zealand's suitability for pastoral farming is largely due to its unique geological and climatic factors.

1. Geological Factors:

   • Varied Topography: New Zealand's varied topography, with its rolling hills and flat plains, provides ample space for grazing livestock.
   • Fertile Soils: The country's volcanic activity has resulted in fertile soils, particularly in the North Island, which are ideal for growing pasture.
   • Water Availability: New Zealand's geological structure allows for a good supply of fresh water, essential for livestock and irrigation.

2. Climatic Factors:

   • Temperate Climate: New Zealand has a temperate maritime climate, with mild winters and warm summers. This allows for year-round grazing, as pastures can grow throughout the year.
   • Rainfall: The country has high rainfall evenly distributed throughout the year, providing a consistent water supply for pastures.
   • Sunshine: New Zealand also has a high level of sunshine hours, which aids in the growth of pasture grasses.

These factors combined create an environment that is highly conducive to pastoral farming, allowing New Zealand to be one of the world's leading producers of dairy and meat products.