Which of the following are components of JDBC?a)JDBC APIb)JDBC Test suitec)JDBC Driver managerd)All of the mentionede)JDBC-ODBC Bridge Drivers

All of the mentioned options are components of JDBC.

a) JDBC API: This provides a standard interface for accessing relational databases. It allows you to write database applications in Java, without having to concern yourself with the underlying details of a particular database.

b) JDBC Test Suite: This helps to ensure that the JDBC drivers will run your program. It includes a set of tests that you can run on your JDBC driver to verify its correctness.

c) JDBC Driver Manager: This is a class that manages a list of database drivers. It matches connection requests from the java application with the proper database driver using communication subprotocol. The first driver that recognizes a certain subprotocol under JDBC will be used to establish a database Connection.

d) JDBC-ODBC Bridge Drivers: These are drivers that implement the JDBC API by translating the calls into ODBC (Open Database Connectivity) calls, and then passing them on to the ODBC driver. This is a somewhat older technology, and may not be as efficient or feature-rich as some of the newer, pure-Java drivers.