What is the location of parent node for any arbitrary node i?a) (i/2) positionb) (i+1)/ positionc) floor(i/2) positiond) ceil(i/2) position

The location of the parent node for any arbitrary node i in a binary heap is at the floor(i/2) position. So, the correct answer is c) floor(i/2) position.

Here's the step by step explanation:

1. In a binary heap, the nodes are organized in such a way that the parent node is always at a position less than its child nodes.

2. For any given node at position i, the left child is at position 2i and the right child is at position 2i + 1.

3. To find the parent node, we do the reverse. If we have a node at position i, we can find its parent node by dividing i by 2 and rounding down to the nearest whole number. This is what the floor function does.

4. Therefore, the parent node of any node i is at the floor(i/2) position.