Which rate gives the number of symbols are transmitted on the line in a second?

The rate that indicates the number of symbols transmitted on a communication line per second is known as the Symbol Rate or Baud Rate. It is a crucial parameter in understanding the speed of data transmission in various communication systems.

1. Definition: The symbol rate refers to the number of signal changes or symbols transmitted per second. Each symbol can represent one or multiple bits of information, depending on the modulation scheme used.

2. Relation to Bit Rate: The bit rate, which indicates the number of bits transmitted per second, can be greater than or equal to the symbol rate. This is because if a single symbol represents multiple bits (e.g., through techniques like QAM), the bit rate will be higher than the symbol rate.

3. Calculating Bit Rate from Symbol Rate: If $S$ is the symbol rate (in Baud) and $b$ is the number of bits per symbol, then the bit rate $R$ can be calculated as: $R = S \times b$

Understanding the symbol rate is essential for designing and optimizing communication systems, as it directly impacts the capacity and efficiency of data transmission.